This set of 5 page readings plus 5 pages of questions begins to address some of the historical issues that continue to plague the modern middle east. The history of their formation can only be told at length. Since the revolution, libyans, fragmented by geography, tribe, ideology, and history, have resisted anyone, foreign or local, telling them what to do. The modern middle east began after the first world war, when the ottoman empire was defeated by the british empire and their allies and partitioned into a number of separate entities, initially under british and french mandates. All images included have been taken from wikipedia and it is our understanding that they. Apr 22, 2015 middle east web gateway is produced by a nongovernment organization in israel and offers much in the way of news and views on the middle east. The ottoman empire collapsed after ww1, resulting in a lack of central authority in the middle east.
The modern history of the middle east began after the end of world war i. It currently encompasses the area from egypt, turkey and cyprus in the west to iran and the persian gulf in the east. Throughout history, muslim scholars in general followed the rationale of ali bin abi talib the companion of prophet muhammad and the. May 14, 2002 since the creation of israel in 1948, the middle east has been embroiled in a bitter conflict.
Mar 29, 2014 throughout history, muslim scholars in general followed the rationale of ali bin abi talib the companion of prophet muhammad and the fourth caliphate in conflict among muslims. The middle east conflicta brief background global issues. These include turkeys differing political culture and geographic marginality, as well as the fact that other regionssuch as the balkans, cyprus, and the states of the former soviet unionare of greater importance to. Twelve israeli historians and writers revisit the external and internal conflicts that have characterized israeli history to provide context, analysis, and lessons for the future the new middle east, issues 1639, 1970, middle. An undergraduate honors thesis presented to the department of international studies at the university of oregon colin m. And have not the peoples of the middle east usually followed the lead of the. The middle east reference web site provides a lot of reference material including the following chronological sections on middle eastern policies in general. Below is a timeline of select events discussed in npr s sevenpart series on middle east history. Middle east institute the middle east institute 19 18th street nw washington, d. Timeline of the middle east conflict a short timeline of the history of the peace process in the middle east 1947 the united nations recommends partition with the passage of resolution 181 by a vote of 33 to with canada supporting the division of the former british mandate into jewish and arab states. In the process, they have frustrated the efforts of outsiders to help them rebuild institutions at the national level, preferring instead to maintain control locally when they have.
A new middle east does exist in places, but there is still an old middle east of tradition. To understand the origin and events of the conflict between the israelis and palestinians audiencegrade. The conflict in the middle east threatens the stability of the world today. Choueiri in preparation a companion to japanese history. Russian diplomatic effort that accompanied it, the middle east has become a key testing.
Conflict in the middle east ponder independent school. Beginning with the 1962 uprising against the zaydi shia theocracy, or imamate, yemenis have yet to find a means to build institutions of state and society that can address successfully the grievances of political. The three countries in the middle east that are not arab are f. The arabisraeli conflictthe arabisraeli conflict 2. Links and annotations for national, state, and local government publications. In 1902, theodor herzl, the father of political zionism, pub.
The middle east is one of the most conflicted sections in the planet, and for most people is a puzzle that is far from solving. Most mena states have no real political parties or pluralistic structures, and only the monarchies have a history of political. Israel oil in the middle east about twothirds of the. Turkeys future role in the middle east 23 conference participants 27 about the author 28 about the institute 29. Learn about the israelipalestinian conflict in a nutshell and read various articles and editorials on the middle east. Bibliography, middle east history 20th century abstracts, middle east history 20th century bibliography publisher santa barbara, calif. The ottoman empire of the turks had, at various times, ruled from the middle east to persia and from north africa to southeastern europe. She learned about the creation of the state of israel as a safe haven for the. A companion to the history of the middle east edited by youssef m. This list is intended as a timeline of the history of the middle east. Pax africana or middle east security alliance in the horn.
September 2012 elizabeth obagy middle east security. This history started from the earliest human settlements, continuing through several major pre and postislamic empires through to the nationstates of the middle east today. Key terms isis islamic state of iraq and syria isil islamic state of iraq and the levant, meaning the whole eastern shore of the mediterranean sea. Russias reappearance as a player in the middle east under president vladimir putin has the aim of restoring the countrys position as a great power outside of the former ussr. A conflict has arisen between two national communities within the narrow bounds of one small country. Zionism is a religious and political effort that brought thousands of jews from around the world back to their ancient homeland in the middle east and reestablished israel as the central location. Israelis and palestinians possess claims to this same land. The jewish community in the region accepts the decision. Explain how european partitioning in the middle east after the breakup of the ottoman empire led to regional conflict. The practice questions in this document have not been through edexcels quality processes. Pdf the middle east conflict has been fiercely debated by politicians and religious and. The gaps between them have been filled with dictatorship, xenophobia, and fundamental ism.
By the year 1948, there was a massive amount of tension that had builtup in the middle east. No two historians ever agree on what happened, and the damn thing is they both think theyre telling the truth. History of the middle east conflict the past isnt dead. Between the fourteenth and early 20 th century the ottoman empire ruled over most of southeast europe byzantine empire and most of the middle east and northern africa. The israelis and palestinians have been fighting over control of the same piece of land for nearly a century. Since the uprising, libyans, fragmented by geography, tribe, ideology, and history, have resisted. The ottoman empire controlled the middle east for a long period of history. This tension had in fact originated 19 centuries earlier, and had started due to the differences in both. Anwar sadat golda meir plo yasir arafat camp david accords intifada oslo peace accords 4 setting the stagein the years following world war ii, the jewish people.
Conflict in the middle east foreign policy research. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Fueling middle east conflictsor dousing the flames. Crisis in the middle east this is a dangerous moment for the middle east, because the conflicts in gaza and lebanon could easily escalate to involve the broader region. Second, the issue of islams role in generating conflict has become especially con.
Sample questions section c conflict, crisis and change. In this research paper, we are going to examine one of the most known war in the middle east, the arabisraeli conflict. September 2012 elizabeth obagy middle east security report 6. War ii made the middle east a hotbed of competing nationalist movements. Following the war to end all wars, the ottoman empire that had ruled the middle east for 400 years came to an end. Sectarian and religious conflicts in the middle east. Middle east conflicts history powerpointthis excellent flipped classroom lesson and powerpoint presents an overview of the middle east and the conflicts there from the end of world war 2 through to today. The modern history of the middle east is replete with conflict, particularly the numerous arabisraeli wars, often of short duration and in recent decades involving nonstate actors such as hamas and hezbollah. The geography and history of the red sea can be interpreted on two axes. Bahrain egypt, iran, iraq, lebanon, libya, tunisia, syria, and yemen. Summary v preface viii 1 introduction 1 2 background 2 3 historical and geostrategic context 5 4 turkey, the kurds, and relations with iraq 8 5 turkey and iran 12 6 turkey, syria, and the water crisis 16 7 turkey and the middle east peace process 20 8 conclusion. In 2011 saudi arabia agreed to purchase over eighty f 15sa fighter aircraft and upgrade its existing fleet of seventy f 15s, along with airtoair and airtoground packages.
In some places in the middle east, secular culture flourishes. The middle east is traditionally defined as the fertile crescent mesopotamia, levant, and egypt and neighboring areas of arabia, anatolia and iran. Natural resources, conflict, and conflict resolution. By the year 1948, there was a massive amount of tension that had builtup in the middleeast.
Since change is an intrinsic part of human history, we should welcome the opportunity of being witnesses to it. To help students understand this role, this study guide will briefly describe those natural resources that are typically involved in violent conflicts, the role of natural resources as causes of conflict or escalation of conflict, and their role in managing. Having traced the development of the middle east as a concept and as a region back to security policies of late 19th century britain, the following sections will turn to four contending perspectives on regional security that developed during the cold war years the middle east, arab middle east, muslim. Pdf among the others, sectarian issue is the main reason of the middle east conflicts. Turkeys role in the middle east united states institute. Yemens history since the 1960s that has not witnessed violent conflict, coups, or civil insurrection. To some extent, this is uue of the study of religion and ethnic conflict in the middle east. The middle east c1919c1973 student notes by john wright please note. The middle east conflict essay 1589 words bartleby. The gulf war of 1991, however, challenges this view. Anwar sadat golda meir plo yasir arafat camp david accords. Ap world history andor global history and geography, 10th grade time frame. It currently encompasses the area from egypt, turkey and cyprus in the west to iran and the persian gulf.
List of modern conflicts in the middle east wikipedia. The origin of the palestineisrael conflict third edition, by jews for justice in the middle east html and pdf with commentary at the hidden history of zionism, by ralph schoenman html at the dispersion of egyptian jewry. Middle east web gateway is produced by a nongovernment organization in israel and offers much in the way of news and views on the middle east. Consult the reference section for maps, timeline, and a history of the. Turkeys role in the middle east united states institute of. We are all going through a period of intrinsic change in the world, in which all will be affected. Religion is still the most effective factor on peoples lives. Zionismzionism in 1896 following the appearance of antisemitism in europe, theodore herzl, the founder of zionism, tried to find a political solution for.
Ap world history andor global history and geography, 10th grade. The map of the middle east had again been changed, as israel swallowed up additional territory. Eastern yemens tribal model for containing conflict. The underlying causes of the crises and upheavals in the middle. Middle east, disputes over oil fields in kuwait, among.
A short timeline of the history of the peace process in the middle east. The creation of israelthe plothe six day warthe yom kippur warthe camp d. A concise history of the middle east arthur goldschmidt jr. Middle eastern wars from the world historical and international systemic perspectives. Middle east conflict archives government information.
The ottoman empire of the turks had, at various times, ruled from the middle east to persia and from. Middle east, would do well to look at the moat in their own eyes before they do so. This tension had in fact originated 19 centuries earlier, and had started due to the differences in both religion and nationalism between the jews and arabs. Conflict and diplomacy in the middle east einternational relations. Natural resources, conflict, and conflict resolution united states institute of peace. Home to the cradle of civilization, the middle eastinterchangeable with the near easthas seen many of the worlds oldest cultures and civilizations.
With the start of the military intervention in syria in 2015, and the u. Continuing with their note taking, this slide begins the process of offering students both perspectives to the conflict. Sep 30, 2002 the israelis and palestinians have been fighting over control of the same piece of land for nearly a century. Turkeys future role in the middle east is likely to expand, but it will remain limited for a number of reasons. However, before 2011, military interventions by one arab state into another were relatively uncommon. At the end of world war ii, the united nations took up the matter. Culture, politics, and the formation of modern diaspora, by joel beinin html at uc press. The middle east with its particular characteristics was not to emerge until the late second millennium ad. The west bank, the gaza strip, and syrias golan heights had all been taken. The israelis and palestinians sign a revised deal based on the stalled wye river accord, aimed at reviving the middle east peace process. On the middle eastern side, the red sea arena includes qatar, the united arab emirates uae, oman, iran and turkey, all of which have security and commercial interests in the sea. The origins of and the historical perspectives on jihad are clarified. Although the circumstances surround ing each of these conflicts were unique, some general regional issues have contributed to the conflicts. This includes syria, lebanon, palestine, israel and jordan islamistsultraconservative muslims who prefer a religion based state which is conservatively based on the quran and strict enforcement of islam within the legal system.
An ethnographic study on conflict perception and its implications for peace in the middle east source. The xborder local research networka partnership between the asia foundation, the carnegie middle east center, and the rift valley institutecarries out research work to better understand the causes and impacts of conflict in border areas and their international dimensions. The story is set in palestine in the distant future of 1923, by which time a new society has been established through the. Including separate fillable pdf files for student answers and esubmission.
1143 1358 321 163 1215 1021 745 39 469 1531 680 883 339 552 134 202 1341 1512 423 1322 622 276 1353 102 1040 1455 1262 1169 1371 1581 871 626 156 1445 962 803 1049 1576 1109 286 892 346 337 524 524 1446 1098 1249